Different AGV navigation mode in the appropriate environment, in order to better play its advantages.

 

AGV from the invention so far, derived from a variety of navigation, the current mainstream of the following ways:

 

Electromagnetic navigation is a more traditional way to guide the way through the AGV travel route buried metal wire, and load low-frequency, low voltage current, so that the magnetic field generated around the wire, AGV induction coil on the navigation field strength through the identification and tracking , To achieve AGV guidance. As the metal wire is buried in the ground, with a very hidden, not easily damaged, not easy to be the advantages of pollution, while low cost, the principle is simple. This arrangement also leads to poor flexibility in its path change, in the face of the actual operating requirements, the path needs to change, it will bring a lot of trouble, and the construction will be particularly large.

 

Tape navigation and electromagnetic navigation has a relatively similar principle, in the tape navigation, the tape is laid on the road. At present, this technology is more mature, more widely used, the flexibility to use higher, laying simple, easy to change or expand the path. However, because the tape exposed, vulnerable to mechanical damage and pollution, navigation stability by the larger environmental impact, susceptible to interference with the surrounding metal material.

 

Optical navigation is in the AGV travel path painting or paste ribbon, by the optical sensor to take the ribbon image signal recognition to achieve guidance. The principle of optical navigation and tape navigation is similar to the flexibility is better, easy to set up. But equally susceptible to contamination and wear of the impact of the ribbon, the environmental requirements are relatively high.

 

Laser navigation is installed in the AGV travel path around the precise location of the laser reflector, AGV laser positioning device on the laser beam emitted and collected by the reflection of different angles reflected back to the signal, according to the triangular geometry to determine its current position and Direction, to achieve the AGV guidance. This method has the advantage of high positioning accuracy, the ground without other positioning facilities, driving path can be flexibly changed. Drawback is the high cost of manufacturing, light, ground, visibility and other environmental requirements are relatively harsh.

 

Vision navigation is a relatively new type of navigation, in the AGV installed on the CCD camera, moving through the process of vision sensor image information collected and processed to determine the current location of AGV. This approach has good navigation flexibility, with the computer image acquisition, storage and processing technology, the rapid development of its practicality will be more and more strong.

 

Inertial navigation to gyro and accelerometer for the sensitive device, the use of accelerometer measurements in the inertial reference frame acceleration, according to the gyro's output to establish the navigation coordinate system, through the integral operation to obtain the carrier in the navigation coordinate system speed and position to achieve navigation and positioning the goal of.

 

Inertial navigation technology was first used in rocket guidance, and later with the improvement of science and technology, people understand the inertial technology continues to spread and in-depth, inertial technology applications has been gradually extended from military to civilian. Inertial navigation is an emerging technology in the field of AGV. It is a kind of autonomous navigation technology. Compared with the traditional navigation method, inertial navigation does not need any equipment, does not depend on the external environment, has greater freedom of movement, More suitable for intelligent warehousing logistics, mobile assembly and so on.

 

In addition to the above mentioned several mainstream navigation methods, as well as SLAM navigation, two-dimensional code navigation, hybrid navigation (such as laser nail mixed navigation) and other relatively new navigation technology. The face of such a variety of AGV navigation technology solutions, summed up is: most of the technology needs through the transformation of the site (shop track, ribbon, paste the two-dimensional code, the installation of laser reflectors) to achieve these external facilities Making the construction and maintenance costs are high, subject to environmental constraints, flexibility is poor.